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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajem | om βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajet | ot βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́aja | ok/ogeš βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajena | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajeda | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajat | ogə̑t βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑šə̑m | šə̑m βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑š | ə̑š βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑šna | ə̑šna βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑šda | ə̑šda βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑št | ə̑št βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajenam | βenč́ajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajenat | βenč́ajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajen | βenč́ajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajenna | βenč́ajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajenda | βenč́ajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajenə̑t | βenč́ajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajem ə̑l'e | om βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajet ə̑l'e | ot βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́aja ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajem ulmaš | om βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajet ulmaš | ot βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́aja ulmaš | ok/ogeš βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajat ulmaš | ogə̑t βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajenam ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajenat ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajen ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajenna ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajenda ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajen ə̑l'e | βenč́ajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajenam ulmaš | βenč́ajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajenat ulmaš | βenč́ajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajen ulmaš | βenč́ajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajenna ulmaš | βenč́ajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajenda ulmaš | βenč́ajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajen ulmaš | βenč́ajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βenč́aje/βenč́aj | it βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑že | ə̑nže βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | (βenč́ajena) | (ona/ogə̑na βenč́aje/βenč́aj) |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑za | ida βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑nem | ə̑nem βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑net | ə̑net βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑neže | ə̑než βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑nena | ə̑nena βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑neda | ə̑neda βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nešt | ə̑nešt βenč́aje/βenč́aj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βenč́aje/βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βenč́aje/βenč́aj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βenč́ajaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βenč́ajə̑man |
| Active participle: | βenč́ajə̑še |
| Passive participle: | βenč́ajə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βenč́ajə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | βenč́ajə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βenč́ajen |
| Negative gerund: | βenč́ajə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | βenč́ajə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βenč́ajə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βenč́ajə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βenč́ajə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | βenč́ajə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||